Optical density (OD) is defined as a characterization of a material's light-shielding capability; it has no dimensional unit and represents a logarithmic value. The concept of optical density was originally introduced in the field of the photosensitive properties of photographic films and photographic paper (specifically, the relationship between exposure dose and optical density). Today, it is widely applied in the optical analysis and testing of materials such as photographic films, printing and packaging materials, photoresist inks, and reflective films.
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